Konteks: TRIPS Agreement 1994 (Annex 1C WTO) menetapkan minimum standard perlindungan IP untuk WTO member. Indonesia harmonisasi via UU Paten, Merek, Hak Cipta.
| TRIPS Pasal | — |
| Cakupan Perlindungan | — |
| Masa Perlindungan | — |
| Hak Eksklusif | — |
| Limitations/Flexibilities | — |
| UU Indonesia | — |
TRIPS enforcement (Part III): civil + criminal + border measures. Indonesia implement via UU 20/2016 Merek, UU 28/2014 Hak Cipta, UU Paten (terbaru UU 27/2022 harmonisasi patent).